A study done by researchers from the University of Michigan and the University of Chicago found that return-to-office mandates at top tech companies like Apple, Microsoft, and SpaceX led to a significant increase in departures of senior employees. The findings were published in a case study titled "Return to Office and the Tenure Distribution" which can be found here. U-M Economics PhD student David Van Dijcke was cited in The Washington Post regarding his research. His comment can be found here.